“What happened? What went wrong?” people woke up to thinking the morning after the 2016 election. The polls were off. The other candidate won, and the unthinkable had happened. But it was sure not to happen again, at least for four years. Again, the unthinkable happened the morning after the 2020 election, and with not even all the ballots counted, the same thoughts circulated in so many heads as the underdog was almost at the finish line. So why do polling errors happen, and what can we do to p