I have used this "Articulation Graphic" for years to give a "non-linguistic representation" for how long notes should be tongued for tonguing, staccato, accent, marcato, tenuto, slur, half note, and dotted half notes. I cut each paper in 1/2 and give to the students to keep in their band notebook. I use the handout in conjunction with the students "tizzling" (tzzzzz), blowing air, or singing/saying verbal syllables (tah, tat, Tah, Tat, Too, doo). This handout is useful in helping students who